Maternity capital: instruction manual

Despite the fact that the maternity capital program has been operating in our country for more than 9 years, not everyone had time to get to know it properly. So what is the mother capital for, how it can be disposed of and how to get it at all - let's figure it out in that article.

The essence of maternity capital

In 2007, to stabilize the demographic situation in Russia, the President adopted a law on special payments called "Maternity Capital". The whole point is explained by the fact that when the second and subsequent children appear, the family receives financial compensation, the amount of which is adjusted annually.

Where to get maternity capital

To issue a parental certificate, you need to visit the local Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and provide the specialist with the necessary documentation. What exactly includes the latter - we will consider further.

How to get maternity capital

Families with a second and subsequent children can receive such a certificate. At the same time, the rule applies even to adopted children. But it is worth mentioning that the registration of maternity capital is possible only once. That is, if a certificate was issued for the second child, then it will no longer be possible to receive it for the next one.

Conditions for obtaining a mother capital

Criteria that a family must meet:

• A person who has every right to do so can apply for a certificate. In most cases, this is a woman who gave birth or adopted a second child into the family. But if the guardian in the singular is a man, then he has the right to receive social benefits. The right automatically passes to the father if the mother dies. Only on condition that paternity is documented. The right to dispose can pass to the child himself if the parents are deprived of it.
• Only citizens of the Russian Federation can count on the possession of maternity capital. Moreover, the presence of citizenship should be available at the time of the birth of the baby. The only time when citizenship may not be looked at is when the right is automatically transferred to the other parent.
• It is especially important that the moment of the birth of the child falls no earlier than 01/01/2007 and no later than 12/31/2016. It was for this period that the program was planned.

How to apply for maternity capital: step by step instructions.

1. First you need to wait for the birth of the baby, or, if we are talking about adoption, the moment of full entry into parental rights. After that, you can proceed to the stage of registration of documentation.
2. You must document your entitlement to the certificate. This can be done at any time after the birth of the child. At the legislative level, there are no restrictions on the deadline for filing an application. Moreover, the document can be received already several years later, for example, when there really is a need for it. It is required to collect a package of documents, which will be written below, and submit it to the local branch of the Pension Fund. Submission can be made in person or through a representative. The option of sending documents via mail is not excluded.
3. Next, you need to get the certificate itself. The law provides for several options. The first is delivery by mail, the second is to pick up the paper at the Pension Fund branch.

It is also worth mentioning the terms of issue. After all the documents have been submitted to where they should be, you must expect an extradition decision, which is made within one month. By law, making a decision should not take more than a month. If the decision is positive, then the transfer of capital takes place within five working days.

Documents for maternity capital

To receive a security, you must complete and submit the following documents.

• A photocopy of the identity documents of the parents or adoptive parents.
• Birth certificates of all children in the family (or a court decision on adoption).
• SNILS card.
• A document proving the parent's citizenship.

After receiving the certificate, parents can make decisions about how to manage their money. All points are set at the legislative level, we will talk about this a little later.

Is it possible to withdraw maternity capital

Many people mistakenly believe that money can be cashed, but this is not the case. By law, you can get only a small part of the money issued by the state under the certificate. This has led to the emergence of many fraudulent schemes that guarantee parents to cash out. If you do not want to cross the line of the law and bear the full penalty for this or be deceived, give up such thoughts at the stage of their inception.

Every applicant for maternity capital must be aware of:

• Absolutely all offers of companies that relate to cashing out maternity capital are illegal. Cooperation with them is equivalent to collusion, which imposes certain criminal obligations, up to and including imprisonment.
• Legal actions to withdraw cash according to the certificate can take place in exceptional cases, only through the Pension Fund of Russia. Before that, you must write an appropriate statement.

Absolutely all transactions related to the expenditure of the parent certificate take place through the FIU, its branches, as well as banking institutions.

So, for example, when buying a home, the capital is transferred to the direct recipient bypassing the "hands" of the parents, and it is obligatory by bank transfer. All this is done in order to exclude the possibility of wasting money initially provided for good deeds.

The amount of maternity capital

The size of the parent certificate changes annually. In 2016, it settled at the level of 475,000 rubles. Since the previous year, the amount has grown by 22,000. This increase in mother capital cost the state treasury more than 6,000,000,000 rubles.

What can you pay for with parent capital

Maternity capital can be spent exclusively on government-approved goals. This includes:

• A program related to the improvement of housing conditions. It is important that the acquired housing is located within the territory of Russia. It is also permissible to invest in the construction of your own home.
• Investments in the education of the child. The money can be used to provide a kindergarten, higher educational institutions, technical schools and other educational institutions.
• A chance to transfer funds to the mother's funded pension account.
• For treatment if the child is disabled.

After the purpose of spending is determined, you should visit the Pension Fund and write an appropriate statement, which is supported by a package of documents. In any case, you will need a passport of the applicant, a certificate of registration at the place of residence, SNILS and a completed application. This is basic documentation. The rest of the documents are determined according to the principle of what the expenses are planned for.

Maternity capital for construction

Many parents take this opportunity to use public money to build their own home, especially since, according to article 10 of the law on the maternity certificate, this is permissible. The main thing is that the future structure meets all the requirements, namely:

• the building must be capital and fit for permanent residence;
• the house must be located on land designated for residential construction.

When contacting the FIU for such spending, you need to remember that the land on which the house will be located must already be registered with the owner of the certificate. Since the acquisition of land capital cannot be spent.

You can attract a contract to construction, or, if you wish, engage in construction on your own. The transfer of finance will be as follows:

• If the company is engaged in the construction, the funds will be transferred to their account. Only first you need to conclude an agreement that is provided to the Pension Fund. This case is being considered for about a month or two.
• If the construction is planned on its own, then the funds are sent to the account of the certificate holder. But it happens as follows: first, 50% of the capital is issued. After six months, you will need to provide documentation that construction is underway and then the rest will be transferred.

If the construction is scheduled for the period before the onset of the child's third birthday, then the construction can be carried out at your own expense, but at the same time all bills and receipts are kept. Then, as soon as the child is three years old, the holder of the valuable document can file a request for reimbursement. Then the entire amount of maternity capital will be transferred to the account.

Maternity capital for child education

The capital from the issued certificate can be invested in the education of any child from the family, not necessarily the one in whose honor it was issued. To send money for training, you should make sure that all requirements are met:

• the institution where the training is planned must have state accreditation;
• at the time of admission to an educational institution, the child must be less than 25 years old;
• it is important that the educational institution is located on the territory of Russia.

Before registering a child for paid education in maternity capital, you should make sure that the chosen institution works according to this scheme and will agree to wait a couple of months until the money is credited to the account. The certificate can also be spent on things that are indirectly related to training, for example, paying for a hostel. A complete list of eligible expense items can be found on the website of the RF Representative Office.

Maternity capital to retire the mother

Funds from the maternity certificate can be partially or completely determined on the account of the pension savings of the owner of the capital. This can be done both at the expense of the state and non-state Pension Fund. Experts consider this approach to be the most optimal, because 3 years of caring for a child is not always fully counted for work experience.

Even if a woman changed her mind after she wrote an application for replenishing an insurance account, the money can be withdrawn by writing an appropriate application. According to the law, retirement funds can be received as urgent pension payments, lump sum payments, or in the role of lifetime indefinite payments.

If the owner does not live up to the onset of retirement, the contribution will be inherited by the child's father, her children, or relatives.

What maternity capital cannot be spent on

Everything that you can use finance from capital for is clearly spelled out in the law on capital capital. Other areas that are not on the list are strictly prohibited and an attempt to bypass the law is punishable by criminal prosecution.

Of course, not all families find the goals proposed by the state in demand for themselves. It is possible that sooner or later, the list of permitted applications will be expanded and everyone will find the best option for themselves.

Mortgage under maternity capital

The most common way to spend your certification is to improve your home. Someone, finally, decides to get a mortgage, feeling the support of the state, someone extinguishes the already taken home loan.

Matkapital can be used in two ways:

• in order to pay off part of the debt;
• in order to make an initial payment.

The difficulty of working with a maternity certificate is that not all credit organizations work with it, as with the form of a down payment. But on the other hand, it will not be difficult to find a suitable organization that will still meet halfway. As a rule, the percentage for this type of mortgage is 9-14%.

But it is also worth noting that for such a use of the certificate there is an important requirement - the child must reach the age of three years. But you can pay off part of the mortgage debt from the moment it is received.

How to take a mortgage with maternity capital

To do this, borrowers need to meet all the requirements that a credit institution makes. Standard criteria, regardless of the bank, include:

• Positive credit history.
• The borrower does not have his own home at the time of the mortgage registration.
• As earnings, the bank takes into account only "white" wages received legally. "Black" salary is not taken into account, or is reflected in the role of non-permanent or additional income.
• A person must have a regular and high income. Be sure to have at least six months of work experience at the last place of work, and the total time of work is at least a year over the past five years.

How to use maternity capital in the down payment

To pay the initial contribution with a certificate, you must first obtain a document from the Pension Fund. After that, the borrower must contact the bank, where he plans to issue a mortgage, providing the appropriate paper.

Then a sales contract is drawn up, which is subsequently registered in the register of rights to real estate.

As soon as a complete list of documents is ready, you can go to the Pension Fund. There you will need to fill out an application with the requirement to transfer money to the account of a credit institution, due to the registration of mortgage lending. Within the terms established at the legislative level, the money will be transferred and then all paper transactions must be carried out only with the bank.

25 thousand from maternity capital

First, a little background. Due to the unstable situation in the country's economy, the government decided to allow the withdrawal of a small part of maternity capital in cash. At the same time, everything is legal, but the amount is not as large as many would like. It was possible to "take out" 20,000 rubles for urgent needs.

The payment was one-time. Citizens who live in the territory of Russia have the right to receive benefits. There are also those who, having a certificate in their hands, live outside the borders of the Russian Federation, although their number is not large. Approximately about 5,600 people, which is 0.1% of the total number of maternity capital holders.

To receive a payment, you should contact the Pension Fund, write an application for a lump sum and provide a package of documents. After all the manipulations, within two months from the date of acceptance of the application, funds will be credited to the specified account.

In 2016, another decision was made to pay 25,000 rubles from maternity capital. At the same time, even those who received these 20,000 rubles in 2015 can receive benefits. This explanation came from the head of the Ministry of Labor Maxim Topilin. The new conditions were adopted on 23.06.2016 in No. 181-FZ and entered into force on 23 June 2016. You can get the benefit until November 30, 2016 inclusive. Those families, in whose hands the certificate fell before 09/30/2016 inclusive, can count on help. The condition is valid only if the allocated maternity capital funds were not used in full.

What can you spend a one-time allowance on

The expenditure of benefits from maternity capital is not regulated in any way at the legislative level. It can be anything you want, i.e. at the discretion of the parents themselves. Families are very happy with this situation, which explains the increased popularity of the program.

Even if the parents have already managed to dispose of the certificate, but there is some money left on the account, they can also be withdrawn. Not necessarily 25,000, you can even a thousand and five, the main thing is that it does not exceed the established maximum.

Sale of maternity capital

As mentioned above, any fraud in an attempt to illegally cash out maternity capital - turn into unpleasant criminal consequences. The sale of maternity capital is just one of those. Therefore, according to the law, this cannot be done in any way.

Many parents do not like this interpretation of the maternity capital law, which can be easily explained. But it is quite possible to understand the legislative side as well. The state program is primarily designed to support families. The latter, unfortunately, do not always spend money on noble goals. To avoid waste and irrational spending, it was decided to strictly limit the areas of use of money.