Cervical cyst: causes, symptoms, treatment

Many women during their reproductive years develop cysts on the cervix. This disease is observed in 15% of women. Usually a woman finds out about the disease after a visit to the gynecologist, when time has already passed.

Causes of cervical cysts

This neoplasm is a blockage of the glands in the cervix or their expansion. The glands that produce mucus become clogged as a result of the inflammatory process. This causes mucus to accumulate inside the gland and it becomes larger. These changes are visible during colposcopy or as a result of ultrasound.

It is not possible to accurately identify any specific reason for the formation of a cyst, but the following possible factors influencing the formation of a cyst are identified:

• Damage to the cervix during childbirth. After the baby is born, the cervix begins to recover quickly. Sometimes because of this, the activity of the glands is disrupted and cysts form.
• Incorrect or unprofessional abortion can also serve as a factor provoking the formation of a cyst.
• During menopause, changes occur in the structure of a woman's internal genital organs. The thinning membrane makes the glands vulnerable. As a result, any irritation causes the glands to work more actively. Mucus accumulates inside the gland and a cyst forms.
• Infectious diseases can also cause blockage of the gland ducts.

These factors most often provoke the formation of a cyst. But there are other possible causes that lead to pathology with less probability. These include intrauterine devices, metabolic disorders in the body and inflammation of the appendages.

Symptoms of a cervical cyst

As we noted above, women find out about the disease very late, after the next visit to the women's doctor. The reason for such a late diagnosis is that at first the disease occurs absolutely without any symptoms. In this case, timely detection of the disease is possible only after diagnosis or a comprehensive examination.

With large cervical cysts, a woman feels the following signs of the disease:

• Bloody discharge appears from the cervix.
• In the lower abdomen it is periodically felt pain.
• Sexual intercourse is usually painful.
• An unpleasant odor is felt from the vagina, directly indicating the presence of inflammation.

Neoplasms on the cervix are usually detected by a doctor during a visual examination, as a result of ultrasound diagnostics, or during examination with a colposcope. The examination involves taking smears to check for the presence of a urogenital infection, as well as studying the woman’s hormonal state; in some cases, a biopsy is performed.

Treatment of cervical cysts

After a comprehensive examination, a decision is made to prescribe the necessary treatment. It should be noted that before starting treatment of the cyst, it is necessary to completely cure all urogenital infections, if any.

Drug treatments for cysts are never used, since they do not bring results even in the initial phase of the disease. Usually the cyst is cut and removed surgically. This operation is simple and is performed under local anesthesia. This simple operation is performed on an outpatient basis. You should not delay the operation, as as the cyst grows it will bring a feeling of discomfort and pain.

Another practiced method of treating a cyst is to puncture the shaft and press out the contents. After extracting the secretion, the wound is disinfected with a special solution. The final phase of treatment includes the use of medications and physical therapy. This takes into account the physical condition, age of the woman and the characteristics of her internal organs. Recovery usually takes a short period of time.

Nowadays laser is often used to treat cysts. This treatment of the affected area allows you to relieve inflammatory processes in the tissues and complete coagulation of the blood vessels is immediately performed. This way you can avoid severe bleeding. The disadvantage of this procedure is that it is very painful.

Another modern way to eliminate a cyst on the cervix is ​​to treat the affected surface with liquefied nitrogen. This technique allows you to remove the cyst painlessly. Another advantage of the procedure is the absence scar tissue after healing.

Since cyst treatment is performed on an outpatient basis, the woman can go home immediately after the procedure. In the following days, the woman feels slight pain in the lower abdomen, she is tormented by weakness and extreme fatigue. After surgery, the use of vaginal suppositories with a healing effect is usually recommended.

Another common method for removing tumors on the cervix is ​​cauterizing them with chemicals or high temperature. Radio wave therapy is used to treat cysts in young women who have not yet given birth to children. The cyst is exposed to a special device that emits high-frequency radio waves.

Two days after the intervention, vaginal discharge becomes yellowish and lasts for about a week. A month after treatment, a follow-up examination is carried out to evaluate the result of the operation.