Grapes: planting and care

People who have their own garden, or at least a small plot, are always trying to bring something new to it. And grapes will be a great addition and decoration in any front garden. Indeed, in addition to the fact that this is a delicious berry, it also has a wonderful appearance. It can be freely used as a decor.

Planting grapes

Grapes begin to be planted with the onset of warmth, from March to June. Or in the fall before the onset of frost.

When landing in the spring, the soil for the grapes is prepared in the fall. Grapes are light-loving and heat-loving plant. It is best to place it where there is a lot of sunlight and free space.

No gardener will tell you exactly what time it is best to plant grapes. Whichever term you choose, it will have its disadvantages and advantages.

Planting grapes in the spring

In spring, planting grapes is good because the soil is already warm and during the winter (especially if you fertilized and prepared it) it was enriched and saturated with moisture. Also, after planting seedlings, you do not have to protect it from frost and cold by covering it.

If you plant grapes somewhere in the middle of April, you should provide it with high-quality and abundant watering. Since this is a very early period and there is still little moisture in the soil. Do not forget about feeding.

Planting grapes in autumn

Autumn planting begins in October and ends when the soil begins to freeze. It is carried out according to the same principles as the spring, the only difference is that after planting the seedling must be insulated. So that he can take over and survive the winter. This is done very simply:

• The plastic bottle is cut and pierced in several places (three holes are sufficient). It is used to cover the seedling.
• The ground around the seedling is watered with water (three to four buckets).
• Then loosen the damp earth well. Done.

Planting a cuttings in black soil and clay

To plant a seedling, a hole is dug with parameters 80x80x80. The bottom is covered with a nutritious pillow (twenty-five centimeters). It consists of humus and fertile soil. A layer of fertilizer is lined on top and mixes slightly with the soil, about fifteen centimeters deep. As a result, from the depth of eighty centimeters, you should have somewhere fifty.

A small mound forms in the middle of the fossa. A seedling is placed on it, the roots of which are spread evenly along a hill of earth. From above, everything is covered with earth without any impurities.

If you are planting a shortened seedling, then it is placed directly. Elongated is planted at an angle.

After planting is complete, the depth of the hole should be approximately twenty-five centimeters, give or take.

At the final stage of planting, the earth is compacted a little and watered from above with water. Watering is based on two buckets per bush. As soon as the top layer has dried, it is loosened by about fifteen centimeters.

Then, two weeks later, the seedling is watered two more times with an interval of several days. After the third watering, the soil is loosened again. And then this procedure is repeated after each watering or heavy rain.

Delicious grape varieties

As for the taste, then, of course, it is different for everyone, and everyone chooses the variety for himself. However, there are sweet grape varieties that we will tell you about.

The most popular sweet grapes are:

• Flora. This grape belongs to the table, early maturing. Ripening of the crop lasts for three and a half months. Ripe berries are large, bright green in color. It grows easily in any climatic zone, is unpretentious in content, and is well stored.
• Taifi. Has large clusters with large oval berries with a shallow groove at the top. The grape has a purple hue. The pulp of the berries is sweet and slightly tart on the palate, which makes the taste fresh and light.
• Bulgaria. The variety belongs to the early ones. Already in early August, you can eat ripe berries. It tastes very sweet. The skin is thin, not felt at all during the meal.
• Arcadia. An early grape variety that only takes one hundred and twenty-five days to ripen. It has large clusters weighing up to two kilograms. Very sweet, easily tolerates storage and transportation.
• One of the most popular and widespread varieties is Isabella. Small bunches. The berries are dark blue. A slight bloom can be seen on the skin. The variety is late. Harvested in late September, early October.

Grape transplant

Transplanting grapes should be the same as planting: either in late autumn or early spring before the juice begins to move.

To transplant a bush, they first start digging within a radius of five meters, while you must be careful and try not to touch the roots of plants in the neighborhood. If your garden is dominated by solid soil, or there is groundwater nearby, then most likely the roots will go deep into the ground (up to sixty centimeters).

If the grapes grow in the ground with sand, then the roots can go into the ground deeper than a meter. In this case, it is simply not possible to dig them out completely and you will have to do a stump.

Transplant actions:

1. As soon as the root is completely dug up, it is cleared of excess soil. Then the old roots are cut (more than two years old).
2. The next step is a mixture of clay, water and potassium permanganate (two parts of clay for one part of water, a little potassium permanganate).
3. Now prune the vines. This should be done thoroughly leaving only a couple of sleeves with vines no older than two years. The top of the vine is also trimmed.
4. It is necessary to lubricate the sections with wax (grease).
5. Place the bush in the burlap and transfer to a new location.
6. Then the plant is planted in a new hole, which is pre-filled with warm water (ten liters is enough). Clay is placed at the bottom of the pit, on top of which fertile soil mixed with gravel is poured. In order for the vine to better accept the transplant, three hundred grams of barley seeds are added to the hole.
7. Place a bush in the finished hole, straighten the roots, cover with soil. Then pour again abundantly (two buckets of water).

There is another method for transplanting grapes. It is called transhipment and is used for transplanting plants up to two years old. It takes place in almost the same way as described above. The only difference is that the root is not touched and is transferred to a new location with a piece of old earth.

Grape care

The grapes require constant maintenance depending on the season. So, in the spring, it includes three stages:

• Spraying - helps prevent various diseases and get rid of pests.
• Pruning is done in order to build the correct frame of the tree, thereby increasing fertility.
• Top dressing ensures good growth, therefore, a good harvest.

In the summer, care is divided into:

• Fragment - removal of shoots that are sick, infected, or simply superfluous.
• Dry garter. It consists in the fact that the vine is tied up on a solid support, thereby giving it the right direction for growth.
• Removing the top shoots of grapes (tops). It is done in order to slow down the development of young stems, thereby increasing the number of ovaries.
• Formation of inflorescences. Flowering is thinned out in order to increase the yield. This will make the grapes more juicy and larger.

When autumn comes, it's harvest time. All your work can now be appreciated. However, it doesn't end with picking berries.

After the harvest is harvested, after a while the vine is pruned. Then you should feed the plant with watering and leave it alone until spring.

Propagation of grapes

There are three ways you can propagate grapes.

1. Chubuk (stalk). The most common and easiest way. Its meaning is to germinate a plant from the shoot that is no different from the mother. Then the cutting is planted and grafted to the ground.
2. Harvesting - consists in the fact that cuttings are cut in advance, in the fall. They are put in water for a day, processed with copper sulfate, dried and put in a bag for the winter. They are stored in a cool place. Checked periodically.
3. Germination. Cuttings prepared in advance are checked for suitability. This is done simply. Each stalk is notched and looks to see if it releases moisture. If a little - then good, too much - rotted, no moisture - dried up. Then good cuttings are soaked in water for two days. After that, they are placed in a solution that stimulates the growth of roots.

What year grapes bear fruit

If you did everything correctly when planting grapes, you met all the conditions and requirements - after what period of time can you harvest? Most often, the first bunches of grapes appear three to four years after planting. And they are not always immediately large and heavy.

Such late formation of the fruit depends on the fact that the grapes develop for a very long time. Only a fully matured bush will be able to form fruits and allow them to ripen.

If you decide to plant grapes, be prepared to wait. And don't be impatient. If you stop taking proper care of the plant, it will only delay fruiting.

Diseases of grapes

There are many diseases that this plant suffers from. However, there are many ways to deal with them. This should be monitored carefully and try to immediately prevent the onset of the disease.

Consider the most common types of diseases and methods of dealing with them:

• Alternaria infects grapes, as if squeezing them from the inside. It is caused by fungus. Timely spraying and getting rid of infected fruits will help prevent disease and combat.
• Apoplexy. The worst disease for the vine. Since it is impossible to cure it. It is of bacterial origin. The only salvation from this ailment is prevention. That is, the correct and timely care of the plant.
• Parasites. There are a lot of this type of pests (aphids, worms, goldfish, and so on) and visible to the eye and not visible. But, despite their abundance, it is easiest to deal with them. This is where insecticides and simple pruning of spoiled leaves and fruits can help you.
• Powdery mildew. Fungal disease. It is very harmful and difficult. The fungus gradually takes over the plant, eating it. You can fight it with copper sulfate, as well as lime (quicklime).

Indoor grapes

Indoor grapes are a perennial plant. It grows and develops rapidly. It looks like a wild grape. It has leaves of various shapes, vines are constantly green and curly. A rather fragile plant. Therefore, initially you should choose a free, calm place for him where he will not be disturbed. Homemade grapes look very beautiful and will perfectly fit into the interior of lovers of greenery.