VSD: causes, symptoms, treatment

Vegeto-vascular dystonia in medicine is considered to be a clinical syndrome, which manifests itself in the form of various functional disorders of internal organs. The vast majority of the adult population is susceptible to pathology, the first signs of VSD appear in adolescence.

VSD symptoms

VVD symptoms and signs differ according to the type of pathology, there are several types of VVD.

1. The cardiac type is characterized by prolonged heart pain, which can be acute or dull. The patient turns pale, feels anxiety, rapid pulse, high blood pressure... Symptoms of tachycardia, bradycardia, extrasystoles may be present. The syndrome is not dependent on physical activity.
2. Typically high blood pressure, rapid pulse, facial flushing, and pounding in the temples correspond to the tachycardial type.
3. The hypertensive type is characterized by short-term drops in blood pressure.
4. In the visceral type, symptoms are expressed by persistent abdominal pain. The patient complains of diarrhea or constipation. Other signs of impaired digestion may be present.
5. With the hypotonic type, blood pressure decreases, weakness, drowsiness is felt, hands and feet are cold you may experience increased sweating.
6. With the asthenic type, impotence, loss of stamina, fever, tremor of the hands are noted.
7. With the respiratory type, symptoms are expressed by chest pressing pains, difficulty breathing.
8. With a mixed form of the disease, the symptoms of different types of VSD are combined.

Causes of VSD

Internal organs in the human body work under the control of the peripheral nervous system, which is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic. They have the opposite effect on the activity of organs. For example, under the influence of the sympathetic system, the heart rate increases, and due to the parasympathetic system, it slows down. In a normal state, the autonomic systems are in balance. An imbalance provokes the activation of one of the systems, as a result of which the symptoms of VSD begin to appear.

The main causes of VSD:

1. The disorder can be inherited from parents.
2. Disorders in the endocrine system.
3. Psychoemotional stress, accumulated physical fatigue, mental fatigue.
4. Trauma or tumor in the brain, impaired cerebral circulation.
5. Vegeto-vascular dystonia can be triggered by chronic infections.
6. The symptoms of VSD can increase with cervical osteochondrosis.
7. VSD can occur due to an unfavorable ecological environment or a sharp change in climate.
8. Psychological feature of a person.

Pain with VSD

Patients diagnosed with VSD who have complaints of pain in the heart describe it as aching, stabbing, raw, squeezing, pressing. Pain syndrome affects the region of the heart, the interscapular and subclavian zone, and can also occur behind the sternum. Sometimes pain is felt in the arm or neck. The pain is increasing, or occurs in seizures. Pain with VSD in the region of the heart is divided into several types:

1. With type 1, aching, nagging pain develops suddenly, gradually increasing. At the same time, the person remains able to work, the pain can be soothed by valerian and menthol.
2. With type 2, the pain is intense and prolonged, forcing a person to seek medical help. Pain relievers and sedatives bring relief.
3. With type 3, there are symptoms of a heart attack, prolonged paroxysmal pain, accompanied by a rapid heart rate and urination, a feeling of fear and lack of oxygen, sweating and trembling.
4. Type 4 is characterized by pain arising from physical exertion, prolonged walking.

Abdominal pain in vegetative-vascular dystonia is similar to surgical pathology. Patients may confuse pain syndrome with cholecystitis, or acute appendicitis. Patients also suffer from irritable bowel syndrome. In this case, there is a violation of the stool, the pain syndrome can touch any zone of the abdomen. A bloated abdomen is also common for abdominal pain. The most common pain in vegetative-vascular disorder is headache.

Cluster pains are more often suffered by men. Pain sensations relate to the right or left side of the head, pain is present in the eyebrows, eyes, crown and forehead. Cluster pain is distinguished by hyperemia, lacrimation. Such pains are preceded by a nervous shock, mental or psychological strain.

Morning headaches, appear immediately after waking up, are short-lived, sometimes delayed for a long time.

A headache associated with blood pressure is accompanied by pulsation in the temples, heaviness in the back of the head, discomfort in the cervical region, and congestion in the ears.

Migraine headache with VSD has a paroxysmal course, arises and ends suddenly. Pain syndrome is periodic in nature, occurring at different intervals. More often painful sensations are present in the frontal, temporal and parietal parts of the head. In moments of exacerbation of an attack, intense pain can cause nausea and vomiting. Ambient noise, bright lighting aggravate the patient's condition. In some people, at the peak of their headache, due to general weakness, fainting may occur. Painful sensations can cause impaired speech, blurred vision, unconsciousness and loss of sensitivity.

Autonomic pain syndrome in VSD, distinguishes Raynaud's syndrome and trophoagioneurosis. Raynaud's syndrome is characterized by the sensitivity of the fingers and toes to cold temperatures. At the same time, the limbs become cold, pale, soreness and burning are felt. Trophoangioneurosis concerns the legs and feet. Sometimes patients complain of muscle and bone pain.

VSD in children

VSD in children is found at the age of 6-15 years. The disease can be triggered by hypoxia during childbearing, birth trauma, weak immunity. The syndrome can also be inherited or develop due to frequent infectious pathologies. It can be difficult to diagnose VSD in children due to mobility, changeable mood, and physiologically frequent heartbeat. Therefore, parents should be vigilant, monitor the child's mood and monitor his physical condition. If excessive tearfulness, unreasonable fears, apathy, anxiety appear, as well as if the child has lost interest in play, is not active at all and does not sleep well, then you should consult a pediatrician.

Symptoms of VSD can be extrasystole, tachycardia. The child may complain of dizziness, chills, shortness of breath. Children with VSD are characterized by intermittent complaints of ailments arising from episodes. To get an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to exclude organic and infectious pathology, be examined by a cardiologist, neuropathologist, endocrinologist. To eliminate symptoms, preference should be given to non-drug treatment. Recommendations come down to improving the atmosphere in the house, the correct distribution of the load, and the elimination of stress. You should spend more time in the fresh air, choose active rest. Revise the child's nutrition, balance and improve the quality of the diet by adding more fresh and healthy foods. You can resort to physiotherapy procedures. Drug therapy is prescribed for severe symptoms of VSD.

VSD treatment

To eliminate the symptoms of the syndrome, complex treatment is used, taking into account the peculiarities of the autonomic disorder. The main task of doctors is to help the patient cope with internal discomfort, which in turn improve the general condition of the person. Since the majority of patients do not need drug therapy, doctors recommend:

1. Stabilize the daily routine. A full night's rest is required. Adequate sleeping conditions are required: a comfortable bed, an orthopedic mattress and pillow, a clean, ventilated room.
2. Optimal distribution of work and relaxation. Eliminate prolonged sitting in one position, reduce the time spent in front of the computer. Take breaks from warm-up exercises and eye exercises.
3. Regular sports, with little physical activity. It is recommended to go dancing, swimming, skis, roller skates, bicycles, long walks in the fresh air are also suitable.
4. Enrich food with minerals and vitamins. The diet is selected taking into account the type of VSD. Junk food is removed from the daily diet. Complete rejection of tobacco products and alcohol is required.
5. Physiotherapy has a beneficial effect on the nervous system and vascular tone. The use of electrophoresis, magnetotherapy, massage, contrast shower, acupuncture will help to significantly improve the patient's condition.

If alternative medicine does not improve the dynamics of the disease, the doctor will prescribe drug therapy with drugs that normalize the vascular bed, tranquilizers and antidepressants.

Prevention of VSD

Prevention of VSD will consist in a healthy and correct lifestyle. In order for the body to work in a normal rhythm, it is necessary to feed it with high-quality and healthy products, not harm it with smoking and alcohol, give it a full rest and protect it from overwork, overstrain.