Placenta on the anterior wall
During pregnancy, the connection between the mother and the baby is carried out through a special non-permanent organ called the placenta. Outwardly, it resembles a cake, this is reflected in the name. The placenta can have different positions within the uterus.
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Placenta location
This organ has two sides: the maternal, which is attached to the uterus, and the child, from which the umbilical cord emerges. The child's place consists of special lobes - cotyledons, which are separated by septa by septa. The placenta begins to form immediately after the fertilized egg enters the uterine cavity. This happens around the second week of pregnancy. Up to 6 weeks, it develops intensively, and already from 12-16 weeks, the finally formed placenta begins to function.
The baby's place usually develops during the normal course of pregnancy in the area of the back of the uterus. In this case, an offset to the side walls is allowed. This location is due to the fact that this wall changes least during pregnancy and is the least likely to accidental injury. Sometimes there is an attachment of the placenta to the front side or in the area of the uterine fundus.
During the normal course of pregnancy, the baby's place is high and its outer edge is at a distance of at least 7 cm from the pharynx. When the edge of the child's place touches the pharynx or completely overlaps it, then we are talking about the pathology of pregnancy called "presentation". Since the uterus is constantly increasing and changing during pregnancy, the final conclusions can be made only at a period of 32-34 weeks. Until then, the location of the child's seat may vary.
What does the placenta mean on the front wall
As we have already noted, the baby seat can be located anywhere in the uterus. Normal for the full development of pregnancy and subsequent childbirth is the position when this organ is attached anywhere in the uterus except its lower wall. The danger is only the location of this organ near the pharynx of the uterus or its complete overlap with the placenta. So it can be argued that the location of the placenta in the anterior wall region is the norm.
From a physiological point of view, the location of this organ in this particular place tells that the most healthy mucous membrane was here at the time of the embryo's attachment to it. After all, the embryo is attached exclusively to the place where the mucous membrane has the greatest thickness and most of the blood vessels. In the future, for the development of the baby, only this section of the mucous membrane will be able to provide the child with the most favorable conditions in terms of supplying him with food and oxygen.
Placenta on the anterior wall - norm or pathology
In the best position, this organ should be on the back of the uterus from above, closer to the bottom. This arrangement is preferable due to the extensibility of the walls of the uterus. The anterior wall is stretched to a greater extent. At the same time, it becomes thinner to a large extent. The back wall of the maternal organ is less susceptible to changes and remains dense for a long time.
Since the child seat is inextensible, it will be better if the place of its attachment is on the back wall and is less exposed to the load that weighed it down. Due to the extensibility of the anterior wall, finding the placenta on it is most dangerous. because of movements of the baby inside the uterus and activity of the mother, located on the anterior wall of the placenta is more exposed to the possibility of injury or untimely detachment.
The reasons for the anterior location of this organ have not yet been fully elucidated. One of the main ones is a variety of injuries to the inner layer of the uterus, which is called the endometrium. Among them:
- The consequences of trauma from inflammation and scrapings.
- Postoperative scars.
- Myoma of the uterus.
- Other pathological conditions.
Least of all cases of this location of the placenta occurs in primiparous women. According to experts, this is due to the healthy state of the endometrium of primiparous women.
The woman is not always the culprit for the anterior location of the organ. In some cases, the problem may lie in the very bud. If there is a developmental lag, then the ovum is late in time to attach to the wall of the maternal organ. Then the introduction takes place in its lower area. There are cases in which the embryo is attached from above the anterior wall of the organ. In this case, with the course of pregnancy and the stretching of the uterus, the placenta will gradually move downward.
Placenta on the anterior wall - what to do
When the organ in question is located on the front wall, different options for the development of pregnancy are permissible. With a sufficiently high attachment, pregnancy can be safely resolved by natural childbirth. But a number of pathologies can also occur.
Most often, with such an arrangement of the placenta, gestosis occurs due to insufficient nutrition of the baby and the supply of oxygen. Disorders of the placenta may develop, bleeding may begin due to its separation, or miscarriage. A stretching of the uterus can cause the baby's seat to move downward. In this case, they speak of placental presentation. This makes natural childbirth impossible.
In special cases, the placenta located on the anterior wall is able to attach very firmly or even grow into the uterus. This happens due to previously performed abortions, the presence of inflammation in the past, curettage or childbirth by caesarean section.
Since the location of the placenta cannot be influenced in any way, the anterior location of the placenta does not require any treatment. But such a special pregnancy requires rigorous monitoring. This is necessary in order not to miss the beginning of possible complications. To reduce the risk, such pregnant women are advised to rest more often, to avoid, if possible, heavy loads, stress and anxiety. It is important to come to the doctor on time, to monitor the tone of the uterus. This will help you track trends in the downward movement of the placenta.
The forward position of the child seat can complicate cesarean section... This is due to the fact that the incision can pass directly across the placenta, which is associated with blood loss. Therefore, it is necessary to take this fact into account and adjust the location of the incision.
